使用include重用UI組件

當我們的佈局有一些重複的UI元素, 我們可以使用<include>來節省我們的工作. 亦可以使用<include>, 在不同的活動(Activity)中使用相同的UI組件.



先創建重用的UI佈局文檔, sublayout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="#505050"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="SubLayout"
    />
<Button 
 android:id="@+id/mybutton"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text=" A Button "
    />
</LinearLayout>

在我們的主佈局文件包括<include>兩個重用的UI佈局.
main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<include android:id="@+id/main1" layout="@layout/sublayout" />
<include android:id="@+id/main2" layout="@layout/sublayout" />
<Button 
    android:id="@+id/startanotheractivity"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text=" Start Another Activity "
    />
</LinearLayout>

在程序代碼中, 使用下面的方法來訪問個別元素:
View subLayout1 = (View)findViewById(R.id.main1);
Button myButton_main1 = (Button)subLayout1.findViewById(R.id.mybutton);

AndroidIncludeLayout.java

package com.AndroidIncludeLayout;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class AndroidIncludeLayout extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        
        View subLayout1 = (View)findViewById(R.id.main1);
        View subLayout2 = (View)findViewById(R.id.main2);
        Button myButton_main1 = (Button)subLayout1.findViewById(R.id.mybutton);
        Button myButton_main2 = (Button)subLayout2.findViewById(R.id.mybutton);
        Button startAnotherActivity = (Button)findViewById(R.id.startanotheractivity);
        
        startAnotherActivity.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){

   @Override
   public void onClick(View arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Intent intent = new Intent();
             intent.setClass(AndroidIncludeLayout.this, AnotherActivity.class);
             startActivity(intent);
    
   }});
        
        myButton_main1.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){

   @Override
   public void onClick(View arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Toast.makeText(AndroidIncludeLayout.this, "Button 1 Pressed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }});
        
        myButton_main2.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){

   @Override
   public void onClick(View arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Toast.makeText(AndroidIncludeLayout.this, "Button 2 Pressed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }});
    }
}

同樣, 在另一個佈局亦可以重複使用相同的元素.



anotherlayout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="The Another Activity"
    />
<include android:id="@+id/main3" layout="@layout/sublayout" />

</LinearLayout>

AnotherActivity.java

package com.AndroidIncludeLayout;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class AnotherActivity extends Activity {

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.anotherlayout);
  
  View AnotherSubLayout = (View)findViewById(R.id.main3);
  Button myButton_main3 = (Button)AnotherSubLayout.findViewById(R.id.mybutton);
  
  myButton_main3.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){

   @Override
   public void onClick(View arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Toast.makeText(AnotherActivity.this, "Button 3 Pressed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }});
 }

}

記得, 如果你想運行此應用程序, 需要修改AndroidManifest.xml添加AnotherActivity活動(Activity).